The International Phonetic Alphabet (2005)
CONSONANTS (PULMONIC)
  Labial Coronal Dorsal Radical Laryngeal
Bilabial Labio-
dental		 Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar		 Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Epi-
glottal		 Glottal
Nasal    m     ɱ   n   ɳ    ɲ   ŋ    ɴ  
Plosive p b ȹ  ȸ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʡ ʔ  
Fricative ɸ β f   v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ
Approximant    β̞     ʋ    ɹ   ɻ   j   ɰ      
Trill    ʙ      r          ʀ   я  
Tap or Flap    ⱱ̟     ⱱ    ɾ   ɽ      ɢ̆ ʡ̯
Lateral
Fricative		   ɬ ɮ               
Lateral
Approximant		    l   ɭ   ʎ   ʟ  
Lateral Flap    ɺ      ʎ̯   ʟ̆  
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a modally voiced consonant, except for murmured ɦ. shaded areas denote articulations judged to be impossible. Light grey letters are unofficial extensions of the IPA
 
CONSONANTS (NON-PULMONIC)
Anterior click release
(require posterior stops)		 Voiced
implosives		 Ejectives
ʘ Bilabial fricated ɓ Bilabial ʼ Example:
ǀ Laminal alveolar fricated ("dental") ɗ Dental or Alveolar pʼ Bilabial
ǃ Apical (post)alveolar abrupt ("retroflex") ʄ Palatal tʼ Dental or Alveolar
ǂ Laminal postalveolar abrupt ("palatal") ɠ Velar kʼ Velar
ǁ Lateral coronal fricated ("lateral") ʛ Uvular sʼ Alveolar fricative
 
CONSONANTS (CO-ARTICULATED)
ʍ Voiceless labialized velar approximant
w Voiced labialized velar approximant
ɥ Voiced labialized palatal approximant
ɕ Voiceless palatalized postalveolar (alveolo-palatal) fricative
ʑ Voiced palatalized postalveolar (alveolo-palatal) fricative
ɧ Simultaneous ʃ and x (disputed)
k͡p t͜s Affricates and double articulations may be joined by a tie bar
 
VOWELS
  Front Near front Central Near back Back
Close
i · y
ɨ · ʉ
ɯ · u
e · ø
ɘ · ɵ
ɤ · o
ɛ · œ
ɜ · ɞ
ʌ · ɔ
a · ɶ
ɑ · ɒ
ɪ · ʏ
   · ʊ
æ ·   
ə
ɐ
ᵿ
ᵻ
ᴀ
ᴇ
Near Close
Close mid
Mid
Open mid
Near open
Open
Vowels at right & left of bullets are rounded & unrounede.
 
SUPRASEGMENTALS
ˈ Primary stress " Extra stress
ˌ Secondary stress

[ˌfoʊnəˈtɪʃən]
eː Long eˑ Half-long
e Short ĕ Extra-short
. Syllable break ‿ Linking (nobreak)

Intonation
| Minor (foot) break
‖ Major (intonation) break
↗ Global rise ↘ Global fall
 
TONE AND WORD ACCEENTS
Level tones Contour-tone examples:
e̋ ˥ Top ě ˩˥ Rising
é ˦ High ê ˥˩ Falling
ē ˧ Mid e᷄ ˦˥ High rising
è ˨ Low e᷅ ˩˨ Low rising
ȅ ˩ Bottom e᷇ ˥˦ High falling
Tone terracing e᷆ ˨˩ Low falling
↑ Upstep e᷈ ˧˦˧ Peaking
↓ Downstip e᷉ ˦˧˦ Dipping
DIACRITICS
 Diacritics may be placed above a symbol with a descender, as ŋ̊, Other IPA symbols may appear as diacritics to represent phonetic detail: tˢ (fricative release), bʱ (breathy voice), ˀa (glottal onset),ᵊ (epenthetic schwa), oᶷ (diphthongization)
Syllabicity & Releases Phonation Primary Articulation Secondary Articulation
n̩ ɹ̩ Syllabic n̥ d̥ Voiceless or Slack voice t̪ b̪ Dental tʷ dʷ Labialized ɔ̹ x̹ More rounded
e̯ ʊ̯ Non-syllabic s̬ d̬ Modal voice or Stiff voice t̺ d̺ Apical tʲ dʲ Palatalized ɔ̜ x̜ʷ Less rounded
tʰ dʰ (Pre)aspirated n̤ a Breathy voice t̻ d̻ Laminal tˠ dˠ Velarized ẽ z̃ Nasalized
dⁿ Nasal release n̰ a̰ Creaky voice u̟ t̟ Advanced tˤ dˤ Pharyngealized ɚ ɝ Rhoticity
dˡ Lateral release n a Strident i̠ t̠ Retracted ɫ  z̴ Velarized or pharyngealized e̘ o̘ Advanced tongue root
t̚ No audible release n̼ d̼ Linguolabial ä j̈ Centralized u̽ Mid-centralized e̙ o̙ Retracted tongue root
e̞ β̞ Lowered (β̞ is a bilabial approximant) e̝ ɹ̝ Raised (ɹ̝ is a voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative, ɼ̝ a fricative trill)